Basic Legal Requirements of Water and Sewer Utilities
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November 14, 2002

Bette J. Dodd

Lewis & Kappes, P.C.

 

 

I.     Types of Water and Sewer Utilities in Indiana

 

A.  Investor Owned

B.   Municipal

C.  Not-for-Profit

D.  Conservancy Districts

E.   Regional Water and Sewer Districts

 

II.    Basic Legal Requirements for Rate Setting

 

A.  Just, reasonable, non-discriminatory – per statute and common law

B.   Based on cost-of-service theory – can have different classes as long as cost justify

C.  Application of requirements vary

 

III.  IURC Jurisdiction

 

A.  IOU, not-for-profits, municipal waters

B.  Rate Procedures

 

1.  Evidentiary hearing

2.      Standard ratemaking methods

3.      Utility has burden of proof

4.      Appellate review of administrative procedure

5.   IURC given deference because of expertise

 

 

 

C. Removal from IURC

 

1.  Municipal water, not-for-profit utilities

2.      Must follow statutory procedures

3.      Ratepayer challenges possible

4.      Eliminates IURC authority over rates and bonding

IV.  Local Regulation

 

A.  Municipal sewers, regional districts, conservancy districts

B.  Utilities removed from IURC jurisdiction

C.   Procedures for municipal water and sewer rates

 

1.      Notice of increase

2.      Public hearing v. evidentiary hearing

3.      Discretion v. standard ratemaking methods

4.      Burden of proof shifts

5.      Legislative procedure

6.      Limited review procedures

 

V.   Recent Trends

 

A. Increased costs

 

            1.  CSO and Clean Water Act Regulation

            2.  Safe drinking water standards – well head protection

            3.  Aging infrastructure

 

B. Desire to keep rates low for voters

 

1.      Shift costs through rate design

2.      Outside surcharges

      

VI.  How to Protect Yourself

 

A.   Keep informed

B.    Get involved at the beginning

C.   If large enough user – may want to contract for service